Since the Indonesian military operations began early May 2021, there have been huge number of internal refugees running away from the war zone village to their neighbouring villages across the highlands of West Papua, particularly in Ndugama, Sugapa, Ilaga, and Beoga. Nduga Regency, Puncak Regency and Intan Jaya Regency have become major military ground operations with heavy gun-fights and aerial bombardments have become daily sight and experience for all the highland villagers.